Describe the reasons advanced to justify discrimination against Essay

Describe the reasons advanced to justify discrimination against Catholics and free African Americans in the United States until the Civil War. How did Nativists - Essay Example The discrimination against Irish Catholics lessened during and after the Civil War, but the discrimination against free African Americans during and after the Civil War increased. Before, during, and after the American Revolution up until the American Civil War Irish Catholics were discriminated against. The first reason for the discrimination was attitudes carried from Europe. Since the Reformation spread in England, resulting in Henry VII breaking off with the Pope, Protestants clashed with Catholics. Protestants were the majority of settlers and founders in the United States. The government, schools, and social aspect of the United States was built upon Protestant values. This attitude led to the discrimination against Irish Catholics. The second attitude concerned the Irish and English long standing dispute over the English rule in Ireland. These attitudes from the old world carried over into the new world. Religious differences also were used to justify discrimination against Irish Catholics. Protestants were frightened that the Pope would try and conquer or exert control over the newly formed United States if the Irish Catholics settled in the new land. For the Protestants practicing Catholicism meant disloyalty to the United States, due to a Catholic’s allegiance towards the Pope. The United States had just held a successful revolution against a king; they did not want to be subjects of another one. Even though this logic seemed far fetched, many Protestants feared Catholic domination. Finally, other ethnic groups wanting to fit in with the Protestants discriminated against the Irish Catholics in order to be more American. For example, German Protestants would discriminate against Irish Catholics to fit in better with the new Protestant society. It did not matter what ethnic group an individual was from in the United States, but whether or not the group

Knowledge management, social networks and innovation Coursework

Knowledge management, social networks and innovation - Coursework Example al., 2011). The present day managers are developing their sustainability and competitiveness to meet with the diverse needs of the consumers based on effective management of their knowledge within the organisation. With continuous management of knowledge, organisations are currently developing their status within the business domain (McAdam, 2000). Knowledge Management (KM) has emerged to be a useful tool for developing the overall structure of organisations, further enhancing the ability of organisations to perform. Identifiably maintaining an effective institutional performance and enhancing the same have only were possible with the proper management of knowledge and through nurturing a culture of ongoing learning (Gloet & Samson, 2012). In this regard, the paper elaborates on the different needs of organisations to maintain their leadership with the effective management of knowledge. The paper also proposes to analyse the implication of organisational learning and knowledge management for developing various needs of the dynamic business environment. Organisational Learning (OL) is a process prominent within the present day organisations and is even noted to be affecting the operations that are undertaken by the same. The process follows a trend of creating as well as transferring knowledge to enhance the ability of organisation to perform. This process of learning is largely acceptable among the masses as it enhances the ability of employees to impart and share knowledge that they have gained over the years based on their experiences and knowledge from operations (Dixon, 1999; Torlak, n.d.). The organisations plans to foster the knowledge that employees have gained over the years based on the diverse situations they have faced through the dynamic business environment. Notably, the development of organisational learning has paved way for action-based learning and ability of the individuals to learn has in turn enhanced significantly. With the integration